浅谈经典英美文学作品鉴赏方式和意义

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浅谈经典英美文学作品的鉴赏方式和意义4篇

第1篇: 浅谈经典英美文学作品的鉴赏方式和意义

浅析《圣经》与英美文学作品的关系
作者：王爽 苏可馨
来源：《文艺生活·文艺理论》2012年第05期

        摘 要：本文以《圣经》在西方文化传统中的地位为出发点，论述了《圣经》与英美文学作品的关系及影响。《圣经》在英美文学作品中究竟有怎么样的文学意义，其中的典故是如何被作家们运用到她们的作品当中并且发扬光大的，本文将会给予简单的分析与介绍。

        关键词：圣经；
英美文学；
运用方法；
西方文化；
影响

        中图分类号：I106　　 文献标识码：Ａ　　 文章编号：1005-5312（2012）14-0118-01

        当我们阅读与学习英美文学作品的时候，经常会觉得意犹未尽，英美文学作品很大程度上给人一种耐人寻味的感觉。造成这种效果的因素有很多，但是最主要的因素要算是产生这些文学作品的文化传统。而追根溯源，西方的文化传统是由两种古老的文化源泉汇合而成。一个是古希腊的光辉灿烂的文化遗产。一个是基督教所体现的思想体系，主要表现在《圣经》的文化思想。对于西方文学作品最直接的影响应该是来源于古希腊的神话和基督教的《圣经》，这两股重要的支流成为英美文学乃至西方文学中不可或缺的一部分。英美国家各时期的名家志士都在不同程度上把《圣经》同自己的作品相互联系起来，从而使我们读者在欣赏名著作品的同时，也在相当一定程度上获得了欣赏和体味《圣经》的基础。说起《圣经》，很多人会觉得它只是一本基督教的经书，便敬而远之。其实则不然，它不止是一本简单的经书，而有其神秘的成分，在西方的传统文化的形成过程中，它的影响是深远且独一无二的。因此，渐渐的成为英美文学作品最基本的素材库。

        概括起来说，英美作品中对于《圣经》的运用主要有三种形式。第一种方法是最容易辨认的，它的技巧是作家直接引用其中的故事作为素材。当阅读与学习这类作品的时候，我们需要注意的是了解作品的历史背景及文化背景。那么，对《圣经》的了解对理解这类文学作品的内涵与精髓是颇有裨益的。比如说长诗《贝尔武夫》，其中就己谈到了上帝，并且写到妖怪格兰代尔是该隐的后裔。该隐的故事取自《旧约全书·创世纪》。14世纪诗人威廉·朗格兰写的寓言故事《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》，也是传播基督教精神的蓝本。

第2篇: 浅谈经典英美文学作品的鉴赏方式和意义

英美文学作品翻译中的不对等性
作者：王志雄　张春艳
来源：《求知导刊》2016年第05期

        摘 要：由于英美文化的差异，因此在翻译英美文学作品时，存在很多不等对性，这使得学生在学习英美文学作品时存在一定的理解难度，从而需要深刻领悟文化内涵，体验英美文学作品中独特的文化意识。本文首先分析了英美文学翻译过程中存在的差异性；
其次结合这些差异性，通过与实践中翻译模式的融合，探讨了英美文学作品翻译的基本策略；
最后进行相关总结。

        关键词：英美文学；
作品翻译；
不对等性；
翻译策略

        英美文化作品主要是以西方文化为背景逐渐发展形成的，不过从读者的角度来进行分析，能够从中感受到较深的东西方文化差异。正是这种差异性的存在，导致我们在对西方文学作品进行解读时存在一定的难度和障碍。随着社会的发展变迁，英美文学作品在进行翻译的过程中，其难度也有所提升。对此，对作品进行翻译前必须充分感悟到其中的文化内涵，这样才能够使促进全球文化的融合和发展。

        一、英美文学作品翻译过程中存在的差异性

        1.英美文学作品中多以古希腊罗马神话为主

        西方文化中主要受两条文化分支的影响：一是古希腊文化，二是古罗马文化。西方文化在发展过程中带有明显的神话宗教色彩，因此在对英美作品进行翻译时，翻译人员需要对西方的文化体系有充分的了解，甚至融入相关的神话故事，从而将作品的内蕴充分展现出来。

        2.英美文学作品受基督教的影响

        西方最著名的经典著作非《圣经》莫属，它在西方文化中的地位最为卓越，很多作品都借鉴了其中的内容，因此需要翻译者掌握其基本内容，在翻译西方文学作品过程时，为了降低东西方文化差异性，翻译人员要对《圣经》中的基本思想进行全面的理解和掌握，确保作品中原有的宗教色彩在翻译后得以保留！对作品的文化内涵加以放大，能够更加真实地将作品创作时代的社会现实反映出来。因此，在进行翻译的过程中，必然要对《圣经》文化拥有比较全面的认识，从而使读者也能够深入作品中，捕捉和放大其作品中的闪光点，进而更加全面地对作品进行鉴赏。

第3篇: 浅谈经典英美文学作品的鉴赏方式和意义

英美文学作品选读试题 2

I. Multiple choice（40 points in all, 1 for each）

Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement.

1. Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.

A. Christian B. knightly

C. Greek D. primitive

2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.

A. Piers Plowman B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

C. Confessio Amantis D. The Canterbury Tales

3. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement?

A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.

B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology.

C. The Glorious revolution.

D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.

4. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare"s Sonnet 18?

A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.

B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.

C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.

D. The speaker meditates on man"s salvation.

5. “Bassanio: Antonio, I am married to a wife

Which is as dear to me as life itself;

But life itself, My wife, and all the world.

Are not with me esteem"d above thy life;

I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,

Here to the devil, to deliver you.

Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,

If she were by to hear you make the offer.”

The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare"s comedy The Merchant of Venice.

The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.

A. dramatic irony B. personification

C. allegory D. symbolism

6. The true subject of John Donne"s poem, “The Sun Rising,” is to ___.

A. attack the sun as an unruly servant

B. give compliments to the mistress and her power of beauty

C. criticize the sun"s intrusion into the lover"s private life

D. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie

7. “And we will sit upon the rocks,/ Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/ Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are probably taken from __.

A. Spenser"s The Faerie Queene

B. John Donne"s “The Sun Rising”

C. Shakespeare"s “Sonnet 18”

D. Marlowe"s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”

8. The theme of The Faerie Queene is .

A. “arms and the man” B. “fierce warres and faithfull loves”

C. “Redcosse Knight” D. “morals and vices”

9. Shakespeare’s ____ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.

A. history plays B. tragedies

C. comedies D. plays

10. “Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing a(n) man.” The sentence is quoted from Bacon’s Of Studies.

A. intelligent B. exact

C. thrifty D. eloquent

11. Though John Donne’s poems were not well accepted in his lifetime, the early 20th century saw a

renewed interest in him and other poets.

A. sentimental B. rational

C. metaphysical D. neoclassical

12. In of Gulliver’s Travels, Jonathan Swift satirizes the western civilization including false illusions about science, philosophy, history and even immortality．

A. the first voyage to Lilliput B. the second voyage to Broddingnag

C. the third voyage to the Flying Island D. the fourth voyage to Houyhnhnm land

13. Christian, Faithful and Pliable are the literary figures in .

A. Daniel Defoe’s Moll Flanders

B. John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress

C. Richard Brinsley Sheridan’s The School for Scandal

D. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels

14. ____ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.

A. Francis Bacon B.Edmund Spenser

C. William Carxton D.Sidney

15. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver"s Travels are ___.

A. horses that are endowed with reason

B. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities

C. giants that are superior in wisdom

D. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.

16. Here are four lines from a literary work: “Others for language all their care express, / And value books, as women men, for dress.” The work is ___.

A. Thomas Gray"s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”

B. John Milton"s Paradise Lost

C. Alexander Pope"s Essay on Criticism

D. Shakespeare"s Midsummer Night"s Dream

17. The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils” may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.

A. Gulliver"s Travels B. The Rape of the Lock

C. Robinson Crusoe D. The pilgrim"s Progress

18. Of all the 18thcentury novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “__ in prose,” the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

A. tragic epic B. comic epic

C. romance D. lyric epic

19. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.

A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common people

B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

C. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter

D. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech

20. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn”?

A. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”

B. “They are both gone up to the church to pary.”

C. “Earth has not anything to show more fair.”

D. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty”.

21. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!” is an epigrammatic line by __.

A. J. Keats B. W. Blake

C. W. Wordsworth D. P. B. Shelley

22. “Ode on a Grecian Urn” shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of human passion.

A. glory …ugliness B. permanence…transience

C. transience…sordidness D. glory…permanence

23. In the statement“—oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?” the term “soul” apparently refers to ___.

A. Heathcliff himself B. Catherine

C. one"s spiritual life D. one"s ghost

24. The typical feature of Robert Browning"s poetry is the ___.

A. bitter satire B. larger-than-life caricature

C. Latinized diction D. dramatic monologue

25. Among the famous novelists of the Victorian Age were the ____ Dickens and Thackeray.

A. critical realists B. modernists

C. romanticists D. epic prose writers

26. ___is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.

A. Jane Eyre B. Emma

C. Wuthering Heights D. Middlemarch

27.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.

A. Richard Sheridan B. Oliver Goldsmith

C. Oscar Wilde D. Bernard Shaw

28. “For a week after the commission of the impious and profane offence of asking for more, Oliver remained a close prisoner in the dark and solitary room ...” (Dickens, Oliver Twist) What did Oliver ask for?

[A] More time to play. [B] More food to eat.

[C] More books to read. [D] More money to spend.

29. Dr. Faustus is a play based on the German legend of a magician aspiring for and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.

[A]immortality [B]political

[C]money [D]knowledge

30. The statement “A demanding mother turns away from her husband and gives all her affection to her sons” sums up the main plot of D. H. Lawrence′s .

[A] Lady Chatterley’s Lover [B] Women in love

[C] Sons and Lovers [D] The Plumed Serpent

31. “Come to me－come to me entirely now,” said he ; and added, in his deepest tone, speaking in my ear as his cheek was laid on mine, “Make my happiness－I will make yours.”

The above passage presents a scene in .

[A] Emily Bronte’s Withering Heights

[B] Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre

[C] John Galsworthy′s The Forsyte Saga

[D] Thomas Hardy′s Tess of the D′Urbervilles

32. “Drive my dead thought over the universe

Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth.”

(Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Ode to the West Wind”)

What rhetorical device does the poet use in the quoted lines?

[A] Synecdoche. [B] Metaphor.

[C] Simile. [D] Onomatopoeia.

33. Crusoe is the hero in The life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner (also known as Robinson Crusoe) by .

[A] Jonathan Swift [B] Daniel Defoe

[C] George Eliot [D] D. H. Lawrence

34. Christopher Marlow’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” is a (n) .

[A] pastoral lyric [B] elegy

[C] eulogy [D] epic

35. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?

[A] Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.

[B] Tolerance of human foibles.

[C] Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.

[D] Glorification of religious faith.

36. “In dream vision Arthur witnessed the loveliness of Gloriana, and upon awaking resolves to seek her.” The two literary figures Arthur and Gloriana are form .

[A]Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene

[B]William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet

[C]Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His love”

[D]John Donne’s “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning”

37. Which of the following best describes the nature of Thomas Hardy’s later works?

[A] Sentimentalism. [B] Tragic sense.

[C] Surrealism. [D] Comic sense.

38. “...This grew: I gave commands;

Then all smiles stopped altogether....”

(Robert Browning, “My Last Duchess”)

The above lines imply that .

[A] the Duchess was killed by her husband

[B] the Duchess stopped smiling at her husband’s order

[C] the Duchess died of laughing too much

[D] the Duchess did not want to smile as much as her husband requested

39. In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput,” “Brobdingnag,” and “Yahoo”?

[A] James Joyce’s Ulsses.

[B] Charles Dickens’s Bleak House.

[C] Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.

[D] D. H. Lawrence’s Women in love.

40. It took Alexander Pope ten years to complete , which is generally considered his best satiric work.

[A] The Dunciad [B] “An Essay on Man”

[C] “An Essay on Criticism” [D] “The Rape of the lock”

II. Find the items in the right column which fit the left column the best and write your letters in the blanks. (10 points in all, 1 point for each)

1.Chaucer

A. Mary Ann Evans

2.Hamlet

B. The father of English poetry

3.Coleridge

C. Jane Austen

4.Jonathan Swift

D. Graveyard School

5.Samuel Johnson

E. John Milton

6.Thomas Gray

F. A Tale of the Tub

7.Byron

G. A Dictionary of the English Language

8.Greorge Eliot

H. blood and thunder thrille

9.Pride and Prejudice

I. Don Juan

10.Paradise Lost

J Lake Poet

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

III. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work. (30 points in all, 5 for each)

1. “For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.”

2. “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.”

3. “Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton?-a machine without feelings? And can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?-You think wrong!”

4. “…Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt,

Whene’er I passed her; but who passed without

Much the same smile? This grew, I gave commands

Then all smiles stopped together.”

5.“Then I saw in my dream, that when they were got out of the wilderness, they presently saw a town before them, and the name of that town is vanity; and at that town there is a fair kept, called vanity Fair,…”

6. “A violet by a mossy stone

Half hidden from the eye!

－Fair as a star, when only one

Is shining in the sky.”

IV. Give brief answers to the following questions. (20 points in all, 4 for each)

1. As a rule, an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?

2. Why has Fielding been regarded as “Father of the English novel?”

3. What is Spenserian stanza? What are its main features? Name a literary work that is written in such stanzas.

4. What does “metaphysical school”refer to? What are the features of the works of this school?

5. What is the Renaissance？

参考答案：

I．1 point×40＝40 points

1． B 2． D 3． C 4． C 5． A 6． B 7．D 8． B 9． A 10． B 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C

17. D 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A

II. 1 point×10＝10 points

1. B 2. H 3. J 4. F 5. G 6. D 7. I 8. A 9. C 10. E

III.5 points×6＝30 points

1. William Wordsworth, “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”

2. Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice

3. Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre

4. Robert Browning, “My Last Duchess”

5. John Bunyan， “Vanity Fair,” an excerpt from The Pilgrim’s Progress

6. William Wordsworth, “She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”

IV. 4 points×5＝20 points

1. A. Bunyan"s pilgrim’s Progress and Spenser"s The Faerie Queene.

B. It is usually concerned with moral, religious, political, symbolic or mythical ideas.

2. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, he was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose,” the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

3. The Spenserian stanza refers to the form of stanza invented by Edmund Spenser himself. Each stanza has nine lines, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter, rhyming ababbcbcc.

4. The term “metaphysical school”is commonly used to name the seventeenth century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.

5. The Renaissance, which means rebirth or revival, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of social events, such as the rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and economic expansion.

第4篇: 浅谈经典英美文学作品的鉴赏方式和意义

从跨文化的视角赏析英美文学作品

作者：刘若男;
作者机构：驻马店职业技术学院; 来源：读天下 ISSN：2095-2112 年：2017 卷：000 期：003 页码：P.323- 页数：1 中图分类：I106 正文语种：CHI
关键词：跨文化视角;英美文学;赏析研究
摘要：作为世界上极具影响力的两大发达国家,英国与美国的文学作品也同样拥有巨大的影响,于世界文坛中占据着不可撼动的地位,肩负着传播国家文化,承载历史思想的任务。因此,在世界一体化的基础背景下,随着文化交流的日渐频繁,以跨文化视角来赏析英美文学作品,不仅能有效认清英美文学巨大影响力的根源,同时有助于我国文化发展逐步完善,进而不断强化我国文化的影响力与影响范围。